Fast species diversification among dragonflies (Anisoptera: Odonata: Insecta) inhabiting lentic environments regardless of wing pigmentation

In dragonflies, species richness shows a marked variation between lineages. Species diversification in this lineage has been linked with habitat variation, but the role of other factors, such as wing pigmentation, arguably one most conspicuous traits have not yet explored. study, using novel methodology that takes into account state-dependent speciation, extinction models, and ancestral reconstruction, we investigate pigmentation (present/absent) conjunction (lentic/lotic), to unveil drivers dragonflies. We found is associated marginal increase compared unpigmented Inhabiting lentic higher rates. When considering both factors single model, environments are lotic habitats regardless status. contrast results across whole tree, environments, marginally rates non-pigmented species. Ancestral state reconstruction revealed last common ancestor dragonflies was likely lived habitats. Our study provides evidence an important influence on diversification, being better differentiator than pigmentation.